中国古代月与行星掩犯恒星记录及其用于传统星名考证

摘要

月与行星掩犯恒星的记录是中国古代天象记录中数量最多的门类，此类记录的可靠性比较高，自北宋开始，月与五星掩犯恒星的错误率平均为10%，而之前的平均错误率也仅有20%。统计分析了这些记录在历代正史中的分布。在用现代天文学计算方法检验的基础上，考证了中西黄道区星名的对应关系。%The quantity of the records of moon/planet-occulting/approaching-star is the largest in the ancient Chinese records of various astronomical phenomena. The reliability of these records is rather high that the average error rates of them are 10%for the records recorded since the Northern Song dynasty and 20%before the Northern Song dynasty. The distribution of these records in the official history is analyzed. The correspondence between the zodiacal stars names given by Chinese and those given by the West is examined with modern astronomical computation.