School of Economics and Management;
Beijing University of Technology;
Beijing 100124;
China;
School of Management;
Fudan University;
Shanghai 200433;
China;
Department of Mechanical;
Automotive&Materials Engineering;
University of Windsor;
Windsor;
Ontario;
Canada;
Blockchain; Proof of Work; selfish mining; main chain; pyramid Markov process; pyramid Markov reward process; phase-type distribution; Matrix-geometric solution;