北京市大气环境质量的模糊数学综合评价方法的应用

摘要

对多种大气环境质量评价方法进行综合分析,提出使用模糊数学中模糊综合评价方法,综合考虑影响大气环境质量的多种污染物,并根据WHO(世界卫生组织)基于人群健康角度给出的大气环境质量标准,在日平均的尺度上对北京市2014年至2015年全年大气环境质量进行综合评价.将得出的每日大气环境质量综合评价结果与AQI(空气质量指数)方法的评价结果进行对比,发现2种评价结果随时间变化趋势相同,且模糊数学评价方法得出的结论更加客观全面.选取2种评价方法下1年中某几日污染物数值及评价结论进行对比,可以看出模糊综合评价方法弥补了AQI指数方法的不足之处,结果更加客观全面,评价结果的极端值更少.%By means of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation,a daily atmospheric quality comprehensive evaluation has been proposed of Beijing from 2014 to 2015 based on the guideline by World Health Organization.In our evaluation,the method of over standard was used to determine the weight of typical pollutants in order to diminish the subjective impact and make the results precise and persuasive.After the evaluation,the result and its variation and trends between different months and seasons and also the weight of different pollutants have been studied.From all above,we have found out different atmospheric environmental quality characteristics in different months and weather,which we tried to make plausible explanations to,and are similar in previous studies,indicating the validity of our evaluation result.