[目的]研究土优塔棉花打顶剂对棉花农艺性状、产量及纤维品质的影响,为化学打顶技术在新疆特早熟棉区的推广和应用提供科学依据.[方法]以新疆建设兵团第十师184团主栽棉花品种金垦5-6和新陆早62号为研究对象,以人工打顶为对照,于2013~2014年开展不同打顶时间(2013年为7月5日和7月15日,2014年为7月10和7月20日)、不同浓度(450、600、750、900和1050 mL/ha)土优塔打顶剂的棉花打顶对比试验,测定不同处理的棉花农艺性状、产量及品质性状等指标,并对各指标进行对比分析.[结果]喷施土优塔打顶剂后,棉株顶心内缩,停止生长,可在一定程度上抑制株高继续增长;多数化学打顶处理棉株叶龄数、果枝数和单铃重较对照增加,单铃数有增有减,衣分略微降低,籽棉产量和皮棉产量均有增有减.其中低浓度(450和600 mL/ha)土优塔打顶剂处理与对照相比,叶龄数增加2.00~4.00个,果枝数增加2.00~4.00台;2013年籽棉产量增加332~1014 kg/ha,皮棉产量增加124~377 kg/ha.品质分析结果表明,喷施打顶剂对棉花绒长影响较明显,对马克隆值、比强度、整齐度、伸长率、短纤维指数、成熟系数和纺织参数等品质指标影响不明显.[结论]低浓度(450和600 mL/ha)土优塔打顶剂处理对棉花的打顶效果较好,且对棉花品质基本无影响,可在新疆特早熟棉区推广应用.%[Objective]The effects of chemical topping agent Toyouta on agronomic traits,yield and fiber quality of cotton were analyzed,in order to provide theoretical reference for agricultural application of chemical topping technology in early-ripe cotton region in Xinjiang. [Method]Jinken 5-6 and Xinluzao 62 planted by Corp 184, Division 10, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps were used as materials, and seedlings of artificial topping as control. During 2013-2014, topping experiments with different times (5 July and 15 July in 2013, 10 July and 20 July in 2014) and dosages of Toyouta(450, 600, 750, 900 and 1050 mL/ha) were set. Agronomic traits,yield and quality traits of cottons in different treatments were recorded and analyzed. [Result]After spraying Toyouta, top centers shrank, growing stopped, and plant height was inhibited to some extents. Compared with control, leaf number, branch number and single boll weight of most Toyouta treated cottons increased, single boll number, raw cotton yield and lint yield increased or de-creased,lint percentage slightly decreased . Compared with control, in low dosage treatments(450 and 600 mL/ha), leaf number increased by 2.00-4.00,fruit branch number increased by 2.00-4.00, raw cotton yield increased by 332-1014 kg/ha and lint yield increased by 124-377 kg/ha in 2013. Quality analysis indicated that, spraying topping was influential to fuzz length, but it had less influence on micronaire value, specific strength, uniformity, elongation, short fiber index, maturity coefficient and textile parameter. [Conclusion]The effects of low dosage Toyouta treatment(450 and 600 mL/ha) are satis-factory. Meanwhile, it has little influence on cotton quality. So it can be promoted in early-ripe cotton region in Xinjiang.
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