集体土地征收补偿制度变革的立法选择

摘要

There are basically five aspects in the legislation framework on collective land acquisition com-pensation:First, the object of acquisition; Second, the reason for acquisition; Third, the procedural mechanism of acquisition;Fourth, the principles and the means of compensation;and Fifth, the non-mo-netary compensation measures .The paramount principle is how to measure farmers'interest in land requi-sition and the key is to protect farmers'land property rights .We should ensure that farmers'participation in land conversion and interest distribution .It is necessary to reconstruct the legislative and regulatory framework to clarify the object of land compensation and improve the fair compensation mechanism , to make better the land operation flow , the interest distribution mechanism , the safeguarding measures , the expression mechanism for farmers and rights relief procedures and other systems .%集体土地征收补偿立法创制已陷于僵局，其理论困惑与实践冲突集中体现在五个方面：一是征收什么（征收客体对象）；二是为何征收（征收正当理由）；三是如何征收（征收程序机制）；四是如何补偿（补偿原则方式）；五是非货币补偿保障（安置措施）。结合理论阐释与实践观照，通过多維审视与实证比较分析，集体土地征收补偿的立法根本在于如何衡量农民的土地财产利益，即关乎立法理念的更新，关键在于依法保障农民土地财产权，确保农民参与土地增值收益分配，从而需要重构立法框架与创制范式：明晰征地补偿客体，完善公平补偿机制、征地操作流程、利益分配机制、安置保障措施以及失地农民利益表达机制、维权救济程序等制度体系。