我国执行救助制度的构建

摘要

The enforcement of relief in the civil execution procedure is the court action which, due to objective reasons, the credit rights of executor have not been realized, and his life is particularly difficult, the court provides some material for relief. The central government and the supreme people's court have given more attention to it. However, the national and unified system has not been formed. The current enforcement relief is a practical product mainly from all different levels of local court. In order to safeguard the survival right of executor, to realize harmony society and long period stability, we need to construct a unified and clear national execution relief system. The judicial practice over the years provides theoretical foundation and targeted value to construct the enforcement relief system. On this basis, analyzing the problems of the current enforcement of relief, summarizing common relief scope, object, procedure and specific measures are ideal ways to construct the unified enforcement of relief system.%执行救助是在民事执行过程中，确因客观原因，申请执行人的债权尚未实现，且其生活又特别困难时，由法院提供一定物质帮助的救济行为。它受到中央和最高人民法院的热切关注。但是，国家层面的统一制度尚未形成。目前的执行救助主要是各地各级地方法院试点实践的产物，可谓五彩缤纷，形态各异。为了切实保障申请执行人生存权，实现社会和谐，长治久安，亟需构建统一、明确的执行救助国家制度。近年以来的司法实践，为该项制度的构建，廓清了理论基础和价值目标。在此基点上，分析目前执行救助存在的问题，归纳共通的救助范围、对象、程序和具体措施，乃是构建我国统一执行救助制度的理想途径。