通过对连作草莓根际土壤中生防木霉菌的分离、筛选,明确生防木霉菌的防病效果,为草莓连作障碍中根腐病的防治提供理论依据。从不同连作地块的健康草莓植株根际土壤中分离到木霉菌株75株,采用传统平板对峙法对木霉菌进行初步筛选,根据几丁质酶产酶活性、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶产酶活性和重寄生能力,对木霉菌的抑菌能力进一步复筛,并将筛选出的优势木霉菌菌株组合,研究混合菌剂对草莓根腐病标靶病原菌的防治效果。结果表明：经初筛有19株木霉菌株对标靶病原菌的抑制率大于40%,并通过复筛选出3株具有不同生防优势的菌株,“经鉴定3株菌株分别为拟康宁木霉、哈茨木霉和刺孢木霉,”菌株组合后,复合菌发酵液对标靶病原菌抑制率高达57.9%,显著高于任意单株木霉菌处理；对3株生防效果较好的菌株进行鉴定,分别属于拟康宁木霉属、哈茨木霉属和棘孢木霉属；盆栽试验结果表明,施加复合菌的植株发病率为10.2%,防效达66.8%,且对草莓植株具有一定促生作用。%Through bio-control trichoderma separation, screening in the rhizosphere of the continuous cropping strawberry, confirmed bio-control effect of trichoderma will be confirmed, which provides an academic and practical basis for strawberry root rot prevention. Seventy-five strains of Trichoderma were isolated from the rhizosphere of healthy strawberry plants which were continuous cropping in different regions of Liaoning Province. The confront culture method was used for preliminary screening, then the antibacterial abilities of target strains were obtained through secondary screening by measured at different control indices including the activation of chitinase,β-1, 3-glucanase and the ability of mycoparasitism. The control effects of mix strains with different superiorities were studied to the target pathogens of root rot on strawberry. The results showed that 19 strains were selected, and the inhibit rate of these strains to the target pathogen was greater than 40%, and three of them were obtained to have different bio-control advantages, identified that three strains was Trichodermakoningiopsis, Trichodermaharzianum and Trichodermaasperellum. The inhibition rate of the mixed fermenting liquid made of three strains was up to 57.9%, significantly higher than that of any single Trichoderma to the target compound. In the potted experiment, the complex of bio-control fungi had a significant promoting effect to the plant with an evidence that the morbidity was 10.2%and the control efficiency was 66.8%respectively.
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