The photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics in leaves of sea island cotton Hai 7124 (Gossypium barbadense), Asia cotton Jinhuazhongmian (G. arboreum), Afric cotton Hongxinmian (G. herbaceum) and upland cotton Sul2 (G. hirsutum) were studied in this paper. The results showed that the photosynthetic rates and Fv/Fm in leaves at different position changed greatly among cotton cultivars. Further investigation showed that Pn, apparent quantum efficiency, PS II photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and photochemical quenching (qp) exhibit Hai 7124 > Su 12> Jinhuazhongmian > Hongxinmian, indicating Hai 7124 with higher photosynthetic efficiency. These results provided the physiological indexes and basis on hybridization of cotton breeding with high photosynthetic efficiency.%对海岛棉海7124、亚洲棉金华中棉、非洲棉红心棉和陆地棉苏12这4个棉花栽培种的光合参数和叶片荧光参数进行了研究,结果显示,棉花不同栽培种不同叶位叶的光合和荧光参数变化较大,海7124用倒10叶,金华中棉和红心棉用倒5叶,苏12用倒4叶做光合指标测定,可反映不同栽培种的光合特性.进一步考查光合、光量子效率、Fv/Fm和qp有关指标,都表现为海7124＞苏12＞金华中棉＞红心棉,说明海7124具有高光效的特点,这为棉花的高光效杂交育种及生理指标的选择提供了参考.
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