河西地区黑河流域水资源空间组合与优化利用研究

摘要

对黑河流域水资源的组成类型和时空分布特征进行了分析，以降水补给为主的地表径流，季节变化大，是作物春季形成“卡脖子旱”的主因。上游山区来水量多年平均无大的变化，某些时段的偏枯或偏半是正常水主序列的必然变化过程。但进入下游地区的水确有明显的递减趋势，制定合理的分水方案势在必行。实施节水灌溉技术，提高水资源有效利用率，强化水资源的统一管理，是实现水资源优化利用的有效途径。%The paper analysed the water resources component types and thetime and spatial distributional characteristics of the Heihe River Basin, The surface runoff that mainly supplied by precipitation varies largely with the seasons which is the main reason of the drought of crops in the spring. The series of low and high water levels are inevitable variations of normal hydrological sequences. However ,the water resources that flowed into the lower drainage declined obviously, therefore, it is absolutely necessary to work out the scheme of water resource distribution. Spreading save-water irrigating techniques, raising use ratio of water resources and strengthening water resources management are the effective measures for optimum utilizing water resources.