Evolution process of rock mass engineering system using systems science

摘要

1.Introduction The rock mass engineering system(RMES)basically consists of rock mass engineering(RME),water system and surrounding ecological environments.etc.The RMES is characterized by nonlinearity,occurrence of chaos and self-organization(Tazaka,1998;Tsuda,1998;Kishida,2000).From construction to abandonment of RME,the RMES will experience four stages,i.e.initial phase,development phase,declining phase and failure phase.In