Objective: To investigate the relationship between apoptosis and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) in trophoblasts in early spontaneous abortion.rn Methods: TUNEL method was used to detect the apoptosis in trophoblasts, whereas the expression of iNOS was detected by both in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical assay. The indicates of apoptosis and positive expression of in situ hybridization were represented by D and N/S using computer CMIAS. The positive expression of immunohistochemical assay was represented by N/S and Pu. All results were compared with that obtained from early induced abortion.rn Results: Positive cell indices of apoptosis D and N/S were significantly higher in spontaneous abortion group (0.48±0.04,0.045±0.002) than that in normal group (0.35±0.06，0.03±0.003；P<0.001，P<0.001).The indices of D and N/S of in situ hybridization were 0.33±0.028，0.074±0.01 respectively in spontaneous abortion group and 0.13±0.015,0.019±0.004 respectively in normal group. N/S and Pu(0.058?.007,11.94?.01) were significantly higher in spontanous abortion group than that in normal group (0.007?.001,1.18?.35;P<0.01,P<0.01). A positive correlation between the expression of iNOS and apoptosis was found.rn Conclusion: Apoptosis and the expression of iNOS in trophoblasts might play an important role in early spontaneous abortion and a positive correlation was also found between apoptosis and iNOS.%目的：为了探讨细胞凋亡与诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)对早期自然流产的影响。方法：应用末端缺口标记法(TUNEL)检测自然流产(流产组)绒毛组织中滋养细胞的凋亡，原位杂交及免疫组织化学(免疫组化)方法检测iNOS的表达，利用计算机CMIAS系统，滋养细胞凋亡及原位杂交阳性表达指标以光密度(D)及数密度(N/S)表示，免疫组化阳性表达指标以N/S及阳性单位(Pu)表示，检测结果与正常人工流产(对照组)比较。结果：滋养细胞凋亡阳性指标D、N/S流产组(分别为0.48±0.04及0.045±0.002)显著高于对照组(分别为0.35±0.06及0.031±0.003)，差异有显著性(均为P<0.01)；原位杂交及免疫组化同时显示阳性细胞表达指数流产组高于对照组，差异有显著性，凋亡与iNOS表达呈正相关。结论：滋养细胞凋亡和iNOS的表达在早期自然流产中具重要作用，细胞凋亡的发生和iNOS表达有关。
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