分子蒸馏技术拆分独活油及GC-MS分析

摘要

The essential oil was extracted from Angelica pubescens Maxim. by steam distillation and fractionated by molecular distillation ( MD ) . The crude essential oil was used as the feed for two molecular distillation processes. One residue ( RF2 ) and two distillate ( DF1 and DF2 ) fractions were prepared by MD. Three fractions were obtained under the operation parameters of 30 ℃,5. 0mbar;and 60℃, 5. 0mbar, respectively. The chemical components of different fractions were analyzed by Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry ( GC-MS) . Results:The yields of distilled fractions ( DF1 ,and DF2 ) and residued fractions (RF2)were 33. 65%,61. 39%,and 3. 88% (w/w),respectively. GC-MS results revealed that 21 ingredients were detected in the essential oil, including (+)-Limonene,α-Pinene,β-Pinene, Terpinen-4-ol, Eucalyptol, Terpinolene, and (-)-Carveol et. Concentrations and compositions of chemical components in different factions were significantly different. In conclusion, the technology of molecular distillation is a feasible separaction method for essential oil.%独活原油由水蒸汽蒸馏法得到,经过分子蒸馏拆分,得到不同馏分,进行气相色谱-质谱( GC-MS)分析。分子蒸馏为二级,一级条件：蒸发温度30℃、真空度500 Pa、刮膜转速150 r/min；二级条件：蒸发温度60℃、真空度500 Pa、刮膜转速200 r/min；两级进样温度30℃、冷凝水温度10℃。两级分子蒸馏共得到3部分,总上样量336.17 g,回收得到332.51 g,回收率98.92%；一级轻组分(DF1)113.12 g(33.65%)；二级轻组分(DF2)206.36 g (61.39%)；二级重组分(RF2)13.03 g,所占质量比3.88%。原油和馏分物中共确定21种化合物,主要是右旋萜二烯、α-蒎烯、4-异丙基甲苯、萜品烯、月桂烯等；三部分馏分物( DF1,DF2和RF2)和原油中组分数量分别为8、10、17和6种；且不同组分中成分数量及浓度差异显著。分子蒸馏是一种有效的分离纯化技术,可应用于挥发油的加工利用。