临床护理路径在社区慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者中的应用

摘要

Objective:To investigate the effect of clinical nursing path(CNP)on the conditions and quality of life of patients with chro-nic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). Methods:400 COPD patients who returned to community after discharge were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group(200 cases in each group). The patients in the intervention group received nursing care of CNP and the patients in the control group were given routine nursing care in community. The indexes of patient's lung function were meas-ured including FEV1,FVC,PEF and BMI,6MWT were monitored,the quality of life of the patients was evaluated by using CAT before and after the nursing care,and the satisfaction rate was surveyed after nursing care. Results:There were statistically significant differences in the comparison of FEV1,FVC and PEF between the two groups after nursing care(P < 0. 05);BMI and 6MWT in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group(P < 0. 05,P < 0. 01);the CAT score was significantly lower than the control group(P < 0. 01);the satisfaction rate of nursing care was significantly higher in the intervention group than the control group(P < 0. 01). Conclusion:Nursing care of CNP can effectively improve the lung function of COPD patients in community and improve their quality of life and health level.%目的：探讨临床护理路径（CNP）对社区慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者病情和生活质量的影响。方法：选择出院返回社区的 COPD 患者400例随机分为干预组和对照组各200例，干预组患者接受 CNP 护理，对照组患者接受常规社区护理；护理前后测量两组患者的肺功能指标，包括1 s 用力呼气容积（FEV1）、用力肺活量（FVC）和最大呼气流速（PEF）、监测患者的体质指数（BMI）、6 min 步行距离试验（6MWT），利用 COPD 评估测试（CAT）评分评估患者生活质量，并在护理结束后进行满意度调查。结果：护理后，干预组 FEV1、FVC 和 PEF 与对照组比较差异具有统计学意义（P ＜0.05），干预组 BMI 和6MWT 明显高于对照组（P＜0.05，P ＜0.01），而 CAT 得分明显低于对照组（P ＜0.01）；干预组护理满意度明显高于对照组（P ＜0.01）。结论：CNP 能有效改善社区 COPD 患者的肺功能，提升生活质量和身体健康水平，有助于促进患者康复。