110例下肢动脉疾病患者自我管理行为水平的调查研究

摘要

Objective To explore the level of self-management behaviors of patients with lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD), and to provide evidence for personalized care. Methods By convenient sampling, 110 patients with LEAD from two third-level first-class hospitals in Guangzhou were selected to the study. The Self-management behavior Measuring Scale were used to measure the self-management behaviors. Results The total score of self-management behavior scale ranged from 0 to 69, and the average score of patients with LEAD was 18.93 ±6.79, which indicated that patients with LEAD had a relatively poor self-management behavior. The average exercise entry score of patients was 1.35 ±0.42, and the most common way of exercise was walking. With walking as the most common way of exercise, patients with LEAD had an average exercise time of 192.68 ±109.57 min/week. The average score of entry of cognitive symptom management was 1.57 ±0.66 which indicated that when feeling pain or with other unpleasant symptoms, patients almost never or sometimes used the skills of cognitive symptom management, and the score of communication with physician was 1.44 ±0.94 which revealed that patients almost never or sometimes communicated with doctors about problems associated with the diseases. Conclusion LEAD patients' poor self-management behaviors is demonstrated by less exercise time and mainly in single way, insufficient cognitive symptom management strategies and less communication with the doctor. Clinical nursing staff should pay attention to the education and guidance of LEAD patients ' self-management behavior.%目的 探讨下肢动脉疾病患者自我管理行为水平,旨在为患者提供针对性的护理干预提供依据.方法 采用自行设计的一般资料调查表、慢性疾病自我管理行为量表中文版,对广州市某2家三级甲等医院血管外科的110例下肢动脉疾病住院患者进行问卷调查.结果 慢性病自我管理行为量表中文版总分范围为0~69分,下肢动脉疾病患者自我管理行为得分为(18.93±6.79)分,患者自我管理行为总体水平不高.总的运动锻炼时间为(192.68±109.57)min/周,最常用的运动锻炼方式是散步.认知性症状管理实践条目均分为(1.57±0.66)分,即当患者在感觉患肢疼痛、沮丧或其他不适时"偶尔或有时会"运用不同的认知性症状管理技巧.与医生沟通条目均分为(1.44±0.94)分,即患者"偶尔或有时会"向医生咨询疾病相关问题.结论 下肢动脉疾病患者自我管理行为仍不够满意,具体表现为运动锻炼时间少、方式单一,运用认知性症状管理策略不足,与医生沟通内容较少、频率较低,临床护理工作者应重视下肢动脉疾病患者自我管理行为的教育和指导.