长白山北坡生态交错带主要树种生长对气候变化和干扰的响应1）

摘要

We applied dendrochronology method to study disturbance history during past 200 years and growth response of Pinus koraiensis in a broadleaf Korean pine⁃spruce and fir forest ecotone. The community composition was consisted of pioneer species Larix olgensis, mid⁃tolerant P. koraiensis, and shade⁃tolerant Picea jezoensis and Abies nephrolepis, and the growth releases and age structure analyses suggested frequent small⁃scale disturbances and two medium⁃scale disturbance events. The radial growth of P. koraiensis was significantly and positively correlated with July temperature of current year, and had no relationship with precipitation. Climate change may directly and indirectly affect tree regeneration and growth in the eco⁃tone, and influence community composition and structure. Therefore, the community dynamics should consider both im⁃pacts including direct and indirect climate change.%运用树木年轮学的方法研究了长白山阔叶红松林—云冷杉林生态交错带内过去200 a的干扰历史，以及该交错带内气候变化对红松（ Pinus koraiensis）生长的影响。结果表明：交错带的群落结构主要由先锋种落叶松（ Larix olgensis）、中性种红松以及耐阴种鱼鳞云杉（ Picea jezoensis）和臭冷杉（ Abies nephrolepis）组成；生长释放和年龄结构分析表明，交错带的群落主要受小尺度的干扰影响，中等尺度的干扰出现了两次（1920—1930年和1980—1990年）；海拔分布上限的红松生长主要受当年7月份的温度影响（正相关），和降水没有显著关系。未来气候变化能够直接和间接地影响该交错带主要树种的更新和生长，因此，在探讨群落动态时应该考虑二者的综合作用。