银川地区日光温室桃树促早栽培适宜扣棚及升温时期探讨

摘要

为了研究银川地区桃树设施栽培适宜的扣棚及升温时间,对银川市历年(1971～2000年)以及近两年(2008～2009年)10、11、12月份室外温度数据进行分析,得出宁夏地区日光温室果树促早栽培的适宜扣棚时间为10月26日左右；通过对宁夏设施4个桃树主栽品种室内萌芽状况以及温度观测,借助犹它模型(Utah model)对桃品种需冷量及日光温室内有效低温累积量进行了估算.结果表明,春雪、中油5号的需冷量为600 C.U以上,适宜在12月初左右揭帘升温,中油4号的需冷量在800 C.U左右,适宜升温时间为12月中旬左右,铁桃的需冷量＞800 C.U,在12月下旬以后升温较适宜.%In order to study suitable covering and warming time of peach under sunlight greenhouse cultivation conditions in Yinchuan region, temperature of outside from Oct. To Dec. During 30 years (from 1971 to 2000) and the year of 2008 to 2009 had been analysed. The results showed that the suitable time of covering plastic film was on 26th Oct.; Through observing inside bud germination rate of peach varieties and temperature under sunlight greenhouse conditions, the chilling requirement (CR) of peach varieties and cumulative chilling requirement in greenhouse was estimated by Utah model. The results was as followed: the CR of Chunxue and Zhongyou5 was above 600 C.U, the suitable time of warming greenhouse was in the early of Dec., the CR of Zhongyou4 and Tietao were about 800 C.U and more than 800 C.U, respectively, the suitable time of warming were in the middle of Dec. And in the end of Dec., respectively.