瓦斯异常区域探测技术现状及发展趋势分析

摘要

Abnormal gas area is the hazard and hidden factors cause to gas accident in the coal mine .In this paper, the status of detection technology on abnormal gas area was reviewed based on the interpretation of its meaning and characteristics.On the whole , detection technology includes two ways of contact detection and non-contact detection.Contact detection mainly occurred judgment by means of a variety of physical phenom-ena in the process of drilling construction , or to judge through the gas outburst prediction parameters of the test results.Non-contact detection is carried out based mainly on geophysical characteristics of sound , light, electricity and others of coal -rock medium.The non-contact detection technology was introduced as focus , such as radio wave perspective , geological radar , three-dimensional earthquake , acoustic emission and oth-ers.Finally, the development trend of the geophysical exploration technique was analyzed in view of advanced prediction distance , resolution and joint application.%瓦斯异常区域是引发煤矿瓦斯事故的重大隐患和隐蔽致灾因素。在阐释瓦斯异常区域含义及特点的基础上，综述了国内外针对瓦斯异常区域的探测技术现状，总体上包括接触式探测和非接触式探测两种方式。接触式探测主要通过钻孔施工过程中发生的顶钻、夹钻、吸钻、喷孔等各种物理现象来判断，或者通过对瓦斯突出预测基础参数的测试结果来判断。非接触式探测主要基于煤岩介质的声、光、电等地球物理特性进行。重点介绍了无线电波透视、地质雷达、三维地震、声发射等非接触式探测技术的研究和应用情况，并分析了地球物理探测技术在超前预测距离、分辨率和联合应用等方面的发展趋势。