论职务犯罪初查权监督制约机制的完善

摘要

职务犯罪初查权是指检察机关对职务犯罪案件线索在立案前依法进行审查的权力。在检察机关的侦查权中,初查权是监督制约机制最为薄弱的环节,主要表现在：举报运行模式不合理,初查权行使主体、监督主体分散,举报人、控告人的权利监督缺失等。完善初查权监督制约机制的路径是：在刑事诉讼法中明确规定初查权,明确权力分工,合理分解决策权、执行权、监督权,使控申部门、侦查部门和侦查监督部门之间形成合理的内部权力制约机制,进一步加强上级检察机关的监督制约,强化举报人、控告人和人民监督员对初查权的监督制约。%The power of preliminary investigation into duty crimes refers to the power exercised by the prosecutorial office to review clues of the crime before it is put on record.The power of preliminary investigation is the weakest in the supervision systems during the prosecution,which mainly takes the following forms： The reporting mode is unreasonable;the executive and supervision agent is dispersive and the mechanism of protecting the informer and the informants is deficient.The paper holds that to improve the supervision mechanism of the power to preliminary investigation,we should define clearly the power in the code of criminal procedure,divide the power of preliminary investigation in a rational manner,make clear the power of decision-making,execution and supervision to form a reasonable internal power control mechanism within the grievant,investigation and supervision departments,strengthen the supervision over the higher prosecution department and reinforce the supervision over the power of preliminary investigation by the informer,informants and civil supervisor.