福建省男性健康接尘工人肺通气功能预计值探讨

摘要

Objective: To explore the lung function among healthy workers exposed to dust from Fujian province.Methods: Seven hundred and ninty-four healthy workers exposed to dust were involved.Lung function indexes including FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC％ , V50,V25, MMEF and their prediction percentage were tested by German Yege apparatus.The parameters including age, body height, body weight and employing years were selected as independent variable, and lung function indexes as variable.Multiple regression and percentile were used to analyze the lung function reference data.Results: FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC％ were normal in 794 workers exposed to dust.All the lung function indexes were normal among 70％ workers.Small airway function V25 and MMEF both declined slightly among 20％ workers.V50, V25 and MMEF decreased simultaneously among 10％ workers.Lung function was negatively related with age and employing years, positively related with height and weight.The indicator value of airway function decreased with age.This value in 20 ～ 29 years old people, which exceeded the current reference value (0.70 ) , were singinificaly different with those in 40 ～ 49 and 50 ～ 59 years old people (P ＜0.05).Other values in different age showed no significant difference.FVC and FEV1 were higher than current reference value (0.80) , while MMEF and V50 slightly decreased.Conclusion: Normal reference value of FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC％ should increase 0.05 among the workers exposed to dust in Fujian, especially in 20 ～29 years old people.The indexes of airway function, such as MMEF and V50, should both decrease 0.05.It is alert signal that the values of lung function become lower than those mentioned above.%目的:探讨福建省男性健康接尘工人肺通气功能的预计值.方法:选择794名男性健康接尘工人,采用德国耶格肺功能仪,测定FVC、FEV1、FEV1/FVC%,最大呼气中期流速(MMEF)、肺容量50%及肺容量25%时呼气流速(V50、V25),计算实测值占仪器预计值范围,以年龄、身高、体质量、工龄为自变量,肺功能指标为应变量,进行多元逐步回归分析,建立各肺通气指标预计值逐步回归方程,计算794名健康接尘工人肺通气功能的预计值及实测值占预计值范围.结果:794名受检者FVC、FEV1、FEV1/FVC%检测结果均正常,其中70%受检者各项肺通气功能检测结果均正常,20%受检者V25、MMEF均降低,10%受检者V50、V25、MMEF均降低.受检者的年龄、工龄与肺通气功能各项指标呈负相关,身高、体质量与FVC、FEV1、V50、MMEF呈正相关,其中年龄、身高与肺通气功能指标明显相关(P<0.05).肺通气功能各指标的正常预计值随年龄段的上升而下降,其中20～29岁者FEV1/FVC%的实测值占预计值范围与40～49岁、50～55岁者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且均高于现用参考值0.70.其余项目各年龄段之间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),FVC及FEV1均高于现用参考值0.80,MMEF及V50则略有下降.结论:福建省男性健康接尘工人FVC、FEV1、FEV1/FVC%应在原评价值的基础上提高0.05,尤其对20～29岁受检者的FEV1/FVC%应提高0.10,而反映小气道功能的敏感指标如MMEF、V50则应下降0.05～0.10,受检者肺功能检测值低于上述水平,应作为早期的预警信号.