少年期精神分裂症与青年期精神分裂症的临床特点及智商的比较

摘要

目的:探讨少年期精神分裂症与青年期精神分裂症患者的临床特点和智商的异同.方法:对首发的41例少年精神分裂症(少年组)和98例青年精神分裂症(青年组)患者进行调查和评定.评定内容包括一般状况调查表、阳性症状量表(SAPS)、阴性症状量表(SANS)、韦氏儿童智力量表或韦氏成人智力量表.结果:①少年组病程1～60(20)个月,家族史阳性18例(44%);青年组病程1～96(34)个月,家族史阳性18例(18%),两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);两组SAPS、SANS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).②两组言语智商、操作智商及总智商均在70以上,组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:首发精神分裂症少年患者和青年患者病程均呈慢性,精神症状和智商水平相似,但少年患者病程相对较短,家族史阳性率较高.%Objective:To investigate the characteristics of clinical symptoms and intelligence quotient in ado -lescents-onset and youth-onset schizophrenia. Methods:Forty-one cases with adolescents-onset schizophrenia (adolescents group) and 98 cases with youth-onset schizophrenia (youth group) were tested with the self-made general condition questionnaire , scale for assessment of positive symptoms ( SAPS) , scale for assessment of negative symp-toms ( SANS) , Wechsler child intelligence scale or Wechsler adult intelligence scale revised. Results:There were significant differences in the course and the family history between adolescents group and youth group (P <0. 01). However, there was no significant difference in SAPS or SANS between the 2 groups ( P > 0. 05 ). The scores of the full intelligence quotient (FIQ) , the verbal intelligence quotient ( VIQ) and the performance intelligence quotient (PIQ) of all cases were more than seventy , with no significant between the 2 groups (P >0. 05). rnConclusions:The adolescents-onset and youth-onset schizophrenias present chronic course , with similar clinical symptoms and intelligence level. However, short course and high family history rate are found in adolescents-onset schizophrenia.