海潮负荷和大气负荷对陆态网络的综合影响

摘要

针对高精度大范围的GPS控制网进行基线解算和平差时，海潮负荷和大气负荷对地面测站造成的影响最大可达厘米级的问题，阐述了2种负荷的影响原理和各种负荷常用的改正模型；还结合中国陆态网络，从短基线、南北方向长基线、东西方向长基线和靠海基线4个方面对比分析了2种负荷对网和测站的综合影响。结果表明东西方向的基线比南北方向的基线更容易受到2种负荷的影响，且长、短基线受到的影响表现出一定的季节性变化。为监测中国大陆地壳运动、重力场形态及变化和现代大地测量基准系统的建立和维持提供了参考。%When solving the baseline and doing adj ustment for high precision and large range GPS control network ,tides and atmospheric loads on the ground measuring stations can cause the greatest impact which reach to centimeter grade. This pa-per described the influence of two kinds of loads and the general model of the loads,and the combination of two kinds of loads on the network and the station. The results showed that the baseline in the east and south direction were more likely to be influ-enced by two kinds of loads than the east and the west,and the effect of the long and short baseline showed the season-al. Providing a reference for monitoring the crustal movement,gravity field,and the establishment and maintenance of the modern geodetic datum system in China.