For a repairable system consisting of multiple equipments of the same type, spare demand and its supply plan will affect the number of workable equipments, and hence exerts effects on the demand of other spares for the equipment. Therefore, the assumption that the spare demands are mutually independent and have no relation with the spare supply plan of the system is not correct. This study considers the correlated demands as well as the effects of the spare supply plan on the spare demand, and describes the spare demand low by the Markov process. Availability calculus methods are presented according to the two cases of cannibalization and non-cannibalization respectively. Based on the methods, a spare optimal allocation model is constructed by setting spare allocation cost as the optimization target and system availability as the constraints. The model is solved by marginal analysis. Finally, a case study is presented to illustrate the validity of the proposed model.%对于一个拥有多台相同设备的可修复系统来说,一种备件的需求以及其对应的备件保障方案将影响着系统的可工作设备数量,从而影响着设备其他备件的需求,故假设备件需求相互独立且与系统自身备件保障方案无关而开展备件配置研究是不合理的.在考虑备件需求相关以及备件的保障方案对备件需求的影响的前提下,利用马尔可夫理论描述了备件需求规律,针对不串件拼修和串件拼修两种情况分别给出了可用度的计算方法,并在此基础上以备件配置费用作为优化目标,以可用度作为约束构建备件优化配置模型,给出了边际分析求解模型的方法.通过案例分析,验证了模型的正确性.
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