基于ABAQUS软件的热弹塑性有限元程序,对390 mm超厚度20MnMoNb钢板拼焊制造EO反应器管板的焊接过程进行焊接残余应力与变形有限元模拟,考察焊后500 ℃热处理对板内残余应力与变形的影响.结果表明:超厚板焊态在焊缝及热影响区存在高度不均匀的残余应力,由于为了限制管板的变形,在板面上施压有配重,导致先焊面的残余应力较大,特别是在靠近表面的焊缝及热影响区附近存在残余拉应力峰值；后焊面的残余应力相对较小一些；焊缝内部为残余压应力；焊后管板发生了一端翘起的角变形；500 ℃热处理可明显降低厚板的焊接残余应力,且使应力分布趋于均匀,但热处理后焊接变形有所增大.%Residual stress and deformation in butt-welded 390 mm 20MnMoNb super-thick plates for manufacturing the tube sheet of an EO (ethylene oxide) reactor were simulated by thermal elastic-plastic finite element program of ABAQUS software. The effects of post-welding heat treatment (PWHT) on the residual stress and deformation were analyzed. The results showed that highly non-uniform residual stress was generated in the weld metal and heat affected zone (HAZ) , and the stress in the firstly welded side was higher than that in the side welded afterward due to the application of a load to restrain the welding deformation. Tensile stress peaks located at the weld metal and HAZ near the surface of the firstly welded side. Compress stress was generated in the weld root. Angular deformation occurred in the welded plates. After 500 ℃ PWHT, the residual stress was dramatically decreased and its distribution became more uniform, but the angular deformation was increased.
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