南昌市青山湖区2011-2013年乙型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析

摘要

目的：分析南昌市青山湖区2011—2013年乙型病毒性肝炎（乙肝）的流行病学特征，为制定乙肝控制策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学分析法对2011—2013年南昌市青山湖区乙肝发病情况及流行特征进行描述及分析。传染病疫情资料来源于南昌市青山湖区网络直报的《疾病监测报告系统》和年分析报告。结果2011年报告发病率为71．77／10万，2012年报告发病率79．07／10万，2013年报告发病率63．30／10万。男女报告数比为2．861。15岁以下病例报告数为8人，占乙肝病例报告总数0．83％；15—60岁866人，占89．37％；60岁以上95人，占9．80％。职业分布前5位分别是家务及待业，占总病例数的20．23％，农民占总病例数的17．13％，其他占总病例数的14．86％，工人占总病例数的12．80％，学生占总病例数的7．43％。结论在开展计划免疫的基础上，应针对青壮年开展有效的防控措施。提高广大群众防控乙肝的意识和能力，杜绝各种医源性传播和性传播等，鼓励重点人群接种乙肝疫苗。%Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection in Qiangshanhu district of Nanchang city(2011-2013),and to provide a scientific basis for the development of HBV control strategies.Methods The prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of HBV infection in Qiangshanhu district of Nanchang city(2011-2013)were de-scribed and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.The epidemic data were gathered from “Disease Monitoring Report System”and annual reports of Qiangshanhu district of Nan-chang city.Results The reported prevalence of HBV infection was 71.77/100,000 in 2011, 79.07/100,000 in 2012,and 63.30/100,000 in 2013.The reported male-female ratio was 2.86.Among these patients reported,8(0.83%)were younger than 15 years,866(89.37%)were aged 15-60 years, and 95(9.80%)were older than 60 years.The top five occupations of patients with HBV infection were housekeepers and the unemployed(20.23%),farmers(17.13%),others(14.86%),blue-collar workers (12.80%),and students(7.43%).Conclusion On the basis of guided immunization,effective control measures should be focused on young and middle-aged people.Efforts should focus on improving the general recognition and ability,preventing hospital-acquired infection and sexual transmition, and encouraging high risk population to receive vaccination.