As human immunodeficiency virus (HIV )-infected patients gradually progressed to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) these years , the lethal cases of HIV patients have increased markedly , and have surpassed the mortality of tuberculosis and rabies , ranking first among all mandatory reporting infectious diseases . Decreasing the mortality of HIV /AIDS patients is one of the big challenges we are facing . The following issues are critical : strengthen strict adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among patients , increase new kinds of drugs to facilitate expanding ART coverage , encourage HIV screening forrn early diagnosis and early ART and comprehensive treatment of complications . The implementation of these interventions needs efforts from different disciplines .%随着人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者逐渐进入获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)期,我国HIV感染者病死人数逐渐增加,已超过结核病与狂犬病的病死人数,位居第1.如何降低HIV/AIDS患者的病死率是我国目前亟待解决的重要课题.针对我国HIV/AIDS患者的特点,应采用多种措施.其中关键为:落实患者对药物的依从性,优化抗病毒治疗方案;扩大抗病毒治疗覆盖面,以增加接受抗病毒治疗的患者;加大检测力度,早诊断和早治疗以延长患者寿命,改善预后;注意对患者并发症的治疗,并科学分析病死原因.这些措施的实施需要社会各界共同参与和努力.
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