目的：囊性肾瘤（ cystic nephroma ， CN）是一种临床少见的肾良性肿瘤，误诊率高，且目前尚无统一的诊治方案。文中结合CN患者的临床资料，对该病的诊断与治疗进行总结分析。方法回顾性分析2003年1月至2015年8月间石家庄市第一医院泌尿外科收治的25例CN患者的临床资料。其中包括2例男性儿童患者，年龄分别为14岁和16岁。其余23例均为成人，男11例、女12例，年龄14～69岁，平均年龄（45．1±19．6）岁。所有患者均行B超、CT及MRI等检查，行手术治疗。结果25例CN患者中行肾部分切除术15例、肾切除术5例、后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶减压术2例、后腹腔镜下肾肿瘤剜除术1例、CN合并肾盂癌行腹腔镜下根性肾输尿管切除术1例、后腹腔镜下根治性肾切除术1例。所有患者随访6～132个月，无失访。1例行后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶减压术患者术后6个月肿物复发，遂行开放肾部分切除术；其余未发现肿瘤复发及转移。结论影像学检查是CN的重要检测手段，术中冰冻切片检查有助于诊断。手术以完整切除肿瘤为治疗原则，首选保留肾单位手术。%Objective Cystic nephroma ( CN ) is an unusual benign neoplasm with high misdiagnosis rate , and at present there is no general method on its treatment .This study aimed to analyze the diagnosis and treatment of CN based on clinical data of CN patients. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data on 25 patients (including 2 cases of male pediatric patients , aged 14 and 16 years old, and the remaining 23 cases were adults, 11 males and 12 females, aged 14-69[45.1 ±19.6]years) treated in our department of the First Hospital of Shijiazhuang from January 2003 to July 2015 .All patients underwent ultrasound , CT and MRI examination , as well as surgical resection . Results Among these 25 CN patients , there were 15 cases of partial nephrectomy , 5 ca-ses of nephrectomy , 2 cases of retroperitoneal laparoscopic cyst unroofing , 1 case of laparoscopic enucleation of the tumors with nephron-sparing surgery , 1 case of laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy , and 1 case of retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy .All the patients were successfully followed up for 6 months to 132 months, 1 patient recurred 6 months after retroperitoneal laparoscopic cyst unroo-fing and underwent open partial nephrectomy .No recurrence and me-tastasis were found in the remaining patients . Conclusion Imaging examination is an important measurement for CN , and intraoperative frozen pathology contributes to pathological diagnosis .Since most CN cases are benign , CN patients with no symptom or small cysts can take follow up survey .The principle of the operation is complete resection of the tumor , and nephron-sparing surgery is the first choice . In addition , regular follow-up is necessary in case of recurrence and malignant potential .
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