太阳能真空管集热器管中心距的优化与应用

摘要

为提高太阳能热水器的性能并降低其成本,通过综合考虑性能与成本对真空管集热器进行了优化,提出了以集热器单位集热量的成本为优化目标的真空管集热器管中心距优化模型.优化模型包括集热器成本计算模型和集热器集热量计算模型,其中的集热器集热量计算考虑了太阳的辐射强度变化与真空管管间遮阴作用.采用该模型对常用太阳能集热器进行了优化.实验结果表明,优化后集热器单位集热量成本降低了1.5％,集热器制造成本降低了4.6％.%In order to improve the performance and decrease the cost of solar water heater, the optimization of evacuated tube solar collector was done by considering both the performance and the cost. The optimization model of tube pitch for the evacuated tube solar collector was developed,and the optimization object is the cost per unit energy gain. The optimization model included a collector cost model,and a solar energy gain model in which the solar radiation and the effect of shadow between tubes were taken into consideration. A case study of the model on commonly used solar collector shows that the cost per unit energy gain and the total cost of solar collector are decreased by 1.5% and 4.6%,respectively.