Ecological footprint model was supplemented and modified, and then applied in the study on Shanxi Province. According to the calculation, Shanxi Province has a financial deficit that surpasses the national per capita ecosystem carrying capacity, and remains in an overloaded and unsustainable state. Shanxi is a large energy province of China, energy exploitation and use leads to the higher ratio of fossil energy, utilization efficiency of energy resources is gradually improved in the economic development. Ecological footprint diversity index and Ulanowic development capacity index of Shanxi Province are both lower than those of Hunan Province that enjoys the highest ecological diversity index among the 6 provinces in central China. Therefore, it is imperative to improve diversity index of ecological footprint for enhancing the development capacity of Shanxi Province.
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