国际竞技体育非均衡发展的要素禀赋研究

摘要

By the paper using unbalanced development theory and taking world Olympic sports scores and the layout of superior sports as the research object, the paper analyzed the basic situation of the unbalanced development in international competitive sports and explored the factor endowments of unbalanced development. This study shows that: international competitive sports presents the basic reality of unbalanced development, each country usedits own limited resources to build the superior project group, focused on developing superior project. The reality of unbalanced development is a kind of specific advantage after a cer-tain accumulation and affected by national economic, politics, environment and human factors, it is a reasonable choice, also is the basic path to realize maximum benefits of competitive sports. Revelations:we should follow the law of development of competi-tive sports, give full play to regional advantages, understand reasonably the essence of "balanced development" in the Olympic plan, make effective regional allocation of resources, optimize the project layout, improve the comprehensive benefit.%运用非均衡发展理论，以世界各国奥运项目成绩与优势项目布局为研究对象，分析国际竞技体育非均衡发展的基本状况，探讨非均衡发展的要素禀赋。研究认为：世界各国竞技体育项目呈现出非均衡发展基本现实，各国最大限度的利用自己有限的资源建立优势项目群，重点发展优势项目，这种非均衡发展的现实受各国经济、政治、文化、环境、人力要素影响，并经过一定积淀形成特定的优势，是一种合理的选择，也是实现竞技体育效益最大化的基本路径。启示我们，尊重竞技体育发展规律，充分发挥区域优势，合理理解奥运争光计划中“均衡发展”要义，有效进行区域资源配置，优化项目布局，提高综合效益。