吉林省日本落叶松次生种源优树株间种实性状的研究

摘要

The individual seed trait was observed from using 5 sites secondary provenance Larix kaempferi select trees of Sanpeng Tonghua chosen by the timber seed orchard of Wudaogou Liuhe Jilin.The result showed that the length of individ-ual select trees cone had significant difference with diameter, weight percentage of seed in cone and seed weight.The maxi-mum and minimum value of cone length in 194 select trees was 3.7 cm and 1.5cm.The average value variation was be-tween 2.3 cm and 2.7 cm.The weight average value was 2.6 cm.The maximum and minimum of cone diameter was 2.3 cm and 1.1cm.The average value variation was between 1.7 cm and 1.8cm.The weight average value was 1.8cm.The maximum and minimum of weight percentage of seed in cone was 9.8% and 0.1%.The average value variation was be-tween 1.7%and 2.9%.The weight average value was 2.1%.The maximum and minimum of seed weight was 6.6g and 2.7g .The average value variation was between 4.2 g and 4.8 g.The weight average value was 4.7 g.The variance analy-sis and F test showed that the seed weight of individual select trees was significant difference(actual F value 306, P<0.01).The main factor of difference occurrence was gene type difference.The seed weight was 1.3 times as much as Lia-oning secondary provenance's.It presented the increase tendency with the rise of longitude and latitude, the decrease of yearly average temperature and yearly effective accumulative temperature.%以吉林柳河五道沟林木种子园选自通化三棚等5处次生种源的日本落叶松优树为材料，对株间种实性状进行观测与分析，结果表明：优树株间球果长度与直径、出种率和种子重量差异显著。194株优树中球果长度的最大值为3．7 cm，最小值为1．5 cm，平均值变动于2．3～2．7 cm之间，加权平均值为2．6 cm；球果直径最大值为2．3 cm，最小值为1．1 cm，平均值变动于1．7～1．8 cm之间，加权平均值为1．8 cm。出种率的最大值为9．8％，最小值为0.1％，平均值变动于1．7％～2．9％之间，加权平均值为2．1％。种子重量的最大值为6．6 g，最小值为2．7 g，平均值变动于4．2～4．8 g之间，加权平均值为4．7 g。方差分析和F检验表明，优树株间种子重量差异极显著（实际F值＝306，P＜0．01），基因型不同是差异产生的主要因素。种子重量是辽宁次生种源的1．3倍，有随经度与纬度升高和年平均气温及年有效积温降低而增加的趋向。