产权安排与农户投资意愿：三种小型水利设施管护方式的比较分析

摘要

This paper analyzes farmers’ willingness to pay for small-scale irrigations from the perspective of different property rights,using the survey data collected of 888 farmers in the two irrigation areas of Jinghui and Wei in Shanxi Province by applying CVM,Hanemann model and logistic models.The results of Hanemann model estimation show that farmers are willing to pay 131.22 yuan on average and they are willing to pay 129.42 yuan,129.55 yuan,132.76 yuan respectively under the arrangement of private ownership,collective ownership and mixed ownership respectively.Besides,base price and willingness to pay are negatively correlated.Logistic model estimation indicates that social capital has a significant positive impact on farmers ’ willingness to pay under different property rights due to low supervising and cooperating cost;water cognition and the number of farmers have a significant negative impact on the willingness to pay under private ownership due to clear prop⁃erty rights.Under the management of water association,willingness to pay is significantly affected by farmers’ income.This is because the higher farmers’ income is,the more economic strength they have for the construc⁃tion of small-scale irrigations.%基于产权变动视角，利用陕西省泾惠渭灌区888户农户的调查数据，采用Hanemann模型对小型水利设施的投资意愿进行实证分析，并运用Logistic模型考察私人产权、集体产权和混合产权制度安排下农户小型水利设施投资意愿的影响因素。标底价为单独自变量的Hanemann 模型估计结果表明：农户的平均投资意愿是131．22元，在私人产权、集体产权和混合产权情景下，农户愿意支付的价格分别为129．42元、129．55元、132．76元；标底价格与投资意愿呈负相关关系。Logistic 模型估计结果表明，社会资本因节约监督成本和协商成本对村集体管理、用水协会管理和私人承包经营管理方式下农户的投资意愿都有显著的正向影响；在私人承包的产权安排下，因农户更为明晰的产权引导，水利认知与农户的投资意愿呈显著负相关关系；在用水协会管理的制度安排下，小型水利设施的投资意愿受到农业收入的显著正向影响，这是因为农户的收入水平越高，越有经济实力为水利设施建设出资。