论旧上海中游荡的外国人形象--横光利一《上海》与马尔罗《人的状况》的比较研究

摘要

In the 1920s, Riichi Yokomitsu and André Malraux, two professional writers with different nationalities, happened to pay attention to an oriental city in revolution-Shanghai. Their representative novels Shanghai (1932) and Man’s Fate (1933) respectively describe the May 30th Massacre in 1925 and the "412" Counter-revolutionary Coup staged by Chiang Kai-shek in 1927. Both novels depict the Chinese revolution from foreigners' perspectives, and describe Shanghai as a symbolic space suffused with death, which enables readers to have a glimpse of this city in revolution. If Shanghaicould be regarded as a political novel, Man’s Fate should be classified as a philosophical novel. Although it contains some distorted depictions of historical facts, it does reflect Malraux’revolutionary ideals.%20世纪20年代，横光利一和安德烈·马尔罗，不约而同地将视线投向了一个革命中的东方都市--上海。他们的代表作《上海》（1932）与《人的状况》（1933）分别描写了1925年的五卅惨案和1927年蒋介石发动的“四一二”反革命政变。两位不同国籍、不同文学观念的作家，以外国人的视角反观中国革命，其营造的上海是一个充满死亡的象征性空间，进而展现给读者一个革命中的上海剪影。马尔罗和横光不仅提起出同时代作家较少注意的殖民地语境下的身份认同问题，同时多层面地对民族国家与社会阶级进行探究。