Effects of Nitrogen on N Uptake, Grain Yield and Quality of Medium-Gluten Wheat Yangmai 10

摘要

The effects of the basal and top-dressing nitrogen (N) on'N uptake and translocation, N utilization efficiency, grain yield and quality of medium-gluten winter wheat Yangmai 10 were studied from 2000 to 2002. The main results were as follows.Nitrogen content and nitrogen accumulation in plant at maturity increased with the amount of N application. Grain protein content and wet gluten content were significantly correlated with applied N. There was a significantly positive correlation between nitrogen accumulation before anthesis (NBA) and basal N fertilizer, and between nitrogen accumulation after anthesis (NAA) and top-dressing N. N accumulated in grains was significantly correlated to NBA, NAA and N translocation from vegetative organs after anthesis (NTVA). NBA was significantly correlated with N application, but NAA and NTVA had a quadratic curve correlation with applied N. N fertilizer use efficiency (NUE) had a quadratic curve correlation with applied N, and the NUE was high when basal and top-dressing N was equally applied. For the medium-gluten wheat Yangmai 10 under the same N application ratio, there was a N-regulating effect when the N application was less than 266.55 kg ha-1, a stagnation of yield and quality when N application ranged from 266.55 to 309.08 kg ha-1, and an excessive N application when the N application rate was greater than 309.08 kg ha-1. Under the conditions of this experiment, the precise N application is 220-270 kg ha-1 with basal and top-dressing N equally used when a grain yield of more than 6750kg ha-1, protein content higher than 12%, wet gluten content more than 30% and NUE greater than 40% could be obtained.