Since the development of first generation glass scintillators for neutron detection in the 1950s, glass scintillators have played an increasingly unsubstitutional role in the fields of nuclear physics, high energy physics, industry detection (neutron spectrum measurement, neutron radiography, a, p, and γ-ray detection in extreme environments). Most researches were concentrated on containing 6Li, 10B silicate, phosphate, fluoro-oxide glass doped with lanthanide ions (Ce3+, Tb3+, Pr3+, etc.). This paper described performance characteristic, development history and luminescence mechanism of glass scintillators, then focused on studies about preparation methods, optical properties, neutron detection efficiency and luminescence delay time measurement of containing 6Li silicate glass, containing 6Li phosphate glasses, 6Li fluoxygen glasses and other glass scintillators, and pointed out future development trends and application fields of glass scintillators.%自上世纪50年代第一代玻璃闪烁材料开发以来,玻璃闪烁材料在核物理、高能物理、工业探测(中子能谱测量、中子射线照相术及极端环境下α、β与γ射线的探测等)等领域发挥着越来越难以替代的作用.中子探测用玻璃闪烁材料的研究集中于镧系离子(Ce3+、Tb3+、Pr3+等)掺杂含6Li、10B等中子吸收截面较大核素的硅酸盐、磷酸盐、铝酸盐上.本文由中子探测用玻璃闪烁材料的性能特点、发展历程与发光机理出发,重点关注了含6Li硅酸盐玻璃、磷酸盐玻璃、氟氧玻璃及其它玻璃闪烁材料的制备方法、光学性能、荧光衰减时间及中子探测效率等性能研究,并对玻璃闪烁材料的发展趋势及未来应用方向作出了展望.
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