引江济太调水工程对太湖水动力的调控效果

摘要

为研究引江济太调水工程对太湖水动力调控所产生的效果,采用数学模型对其水动力进行模拟.利用环境流体动力学模型(EFDC模型),以湖体水龄(描述湖泊水体交换速率的参数)为研究 对象,系统地研究引江济太调水工程对太湖水动力的调控情况.结果表明:(a)引江济太调水工程对太湖湖体水动力过程的作用效果很大程度上取决于风速、风向以及出入湖的流量；(b)太湖湖体水龄的分布具有很强的时空异质性,夏天的平均水龄约为130 d,其他季节的平均水龄约为230 d；(c)太湖地区夏天的主导风向——东南风能够促进东部湖区(无锡、苏州水源地所在地)和梅梁湾湖区(太湖重污染区)的水交换,改善水体运动条件；(d)望虞河入湖的最经济调水流量为100m3/s.%To study the effects of a water diversion project from the Yangtze River to Taihu Lake on the hydrodynamic regulation of Taihu Lake, mathematical models were used to simulate the hydrodynamic process. With the water age of the lake being the research focus, the hydrodynamic regulation of Taihu Lake by the project was systematically studied using the environmental fluid dynamics code (EFDC) model. The results show the following: (a) The effects of water diversion from the Yangtze River to Taihu Lake on the hydrodynamic process in Taihu Lake were mainly determined by wind velocity, wind direction, and inflow of the lake, (b) The water age of Taihu Lake presented significant spatial and temporal heterogeneity, with a mean water age of approximately 130 days in the summer and 230 days in other seasons, ? The dominant southeastly wind of the summer greatly enhanced the transport of the transferred water into the eastern lake area (the drinking water source area of Wuxi and Suzhou cities) and Meiliang Bay (a seriously polluted area of Taihu Lake), and improved water movement conditions in these areas, (d) The most efficient discharge of the water transferred from the Wangyu River into the lake, with consideration of costs and benefits, would be 100m3/s.