2种矮化砧P22和SH3对富士苹果实生后代童期的影响

摘要

The effects of apple dwarf stocks P22 and SH3 on the juvenile phase of Fuji seedlings were studied.The results showed that the juvenile phase could be shortened to more than two years when 2-year seedlings were grafted on the dwarf stocks.The effects of P22 and SH3 were significantly different.Grafted on P22,the flowering node was less,the first flowing site was lower,and the juvenile phase was shorter than SH3.With the two stocks,the average first flowering site was more than 200 cm,the average flowering nodes was more than 100,and the lateral branch top bud was more than 50% in all first flowing seedlings.%利用当年生富士苹果实生苗高位芽,嫁接到中间矮化砧木P22和SH3上,调查苹果实生苗度过童期的时间、始花部位和开花株数等,研究了2种矮化中间砧对富士实生苗童期的影响。结果表明：2种矮化砧均能明显缩短富士苹果实生苗的童期。用生长2 a的富士苹果实生苗嫁接在2种矮化砧木上,至少能够缩短童期2 a以上。但P22和SH3这2种矮化砧木缩短实生苗童期的效果存在较大差异,利用P22较利用SH3开花节数更少、开花高度更低、童期更短。利用2种矮化砧木的实生苗,开花平均高度均〉200 cm,平均节位数〉100节,且首次开花部位在侧枝顶花芽的占全部开花株数的50%以上。