The Xar Moran River is the main stream of West Liao River. At the beginning of 10th century,AD Khitan has built a Liao City in the basin of Xar Moran River,which was the center of the Liao Dynasty. This special city is the most spectacular and brilliant city of the Chinese ancient northern nationalities after the northern Wei Dynasty. Since the death of the Jin Dynasty the Liao City has disappeared from people＇ s memory for a while. After that, from the Kangxi period to the Jiaqing period in Qing Dynasty,the location of the Liao City was found and confirmed again by those,who wrote the book ＂Unity of the Qing＂. The rediscover of the Liao City is considered by the Chinese and foreign scholars from the book ＂ Mongolia Nomadic Age＂ ,which is written by Zhang Mu in Daoguang period in Qing Dynasty. Actually it is clear recorded as late as in the book ＂Unity of Qing Jiaqing Revised Edition＂. Furthermore,the Liao City,which was built form Khitan is starting from binary concept,which means it was divided into north and south two cities. North city is the imperial city as the government for emperor of Liao Dynasty. South city-the Han city is as the main body for accommodating Han Chinese and all countries of production, business, living place except for Khitan. The Liao City is the sign of civilization of ancient city in West Liao River basin. It plays an inestimable role in the alterna- ting and spreading the culture and merchandise trade from the area of northeast Asia to the in- ner Asia.%西拉木伦河流域是西辽河的主要干流,10世纪初由契丹人在西拉木伦河流域建立起来的辽上京城成为辽王朝的统治中心。这是中国古代北方民族继北魏之后所建立的最壮观最辉煌的一座特殊都市。自金朝灭亡后,辽上京城渐渐淡出人们的视野。清康熙至嘉庆年间,由编写＂大清一统志＂的文人们发现并确认了辽上京城的所在位置。以往中外学术界一直认为,辽上京城的重新发现是清道光年间蒙古学者张穆所撰写的《蒙古游牧纪》一书,这种观点是错误的。其实最迟在《嘉庆重修大清一统志》中已经有明确记载。此外,契丹人所修建的辽上京城从＂二元＂理念出发,采用了＂北朝南市＂的二元体制,分为南北二城。北城即皇城,为辽朝皇帝的临政之所;南城即所谓汉城则是以容纳汉人为主体的包括契丹人之外的各族人的生产、生活、市易、井肆、居住的场所。辽上京城是西辽河流域古代都市文明的标志,对东北亚乃至内陆亚洲的文化交流与传布,商品贸易的往来等都产生了不可估量的作用。
展开▼
