In frame of the asteroid-comet hazard problem study, a qualitative analysis of some methods for the effect on a celestial near-Earth object (NEO) -an asteroid, a comet - is carried out. The goal of the effect is a correction of this object' s orbit, its deflection from the Earth to prevent their collision. There are studied a mechanical impact-kinetic effect of the spacecraft ( SC), a thermonuclear effect, an effect on a cometary nucleus for a controlled change of its dusty mantle and, therefore, its sublimation activity. Qualitative models of these effects are developed. Numerical analysis results are given for a group of NEOs such as some asteroids from the Apollo family (Apollo, Castalia, Nereus, Orpheus, Phaethon, Toutatis, etc. ) and from the Aten family (Aten, Hathor, Khufu, etc. ) as well as some short-periodic comets like the comet P/Biela. There are studied some characteristics of the effects on the NEOs such as the velocity impulse ( or acceleration) applied to the celestial body, its deflection from the Earth. The study is supported by the Russian Foundation of Basic Studies (Grant N 01-01-00133).
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机译：在小行星彗星危害问题研究的框架内，对影响天体近地天体（NEO）的一些方法（小行星，彗星）进行了定性分析。效果的目的是校正该物体的轨道，使其偏离地球以防止其碰撞。研究了航天器（SC）的机械撞击动力学效应，热核效应，尘埃覆盖物的受控变化及其对彗星核的升华活性。建立了这些效应的定性模型。给出了一组NEO的数值分析结果，例如来自Apollo家族（Apollo，Castalia，Nereus，Orpheus，Phaethon，Toutatis等）和来自Aten家族（Aten，Hathor，Khufu等）的小行星。以及一些短周期彗星，例如P / Biela彗星。研究了对近地天体的影响的一些特征，例如施加到天体的速度冲量（或加速度），天体的偏转。这项研究得到了俄罗斯基础研究基金会（Grant N 01-01-00133）的支持。
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