农田土壤重金属污染钝化修复技术研究进展

摘要

The heavy metals in crustal , which could threaten human health by bioaccumulation , released to soil environment due to anthropogenic industrial activities . The stabilization amendment strategies aimed to reduce the bioavailability and toxic effects of heavy metals and improve the function of agro‐ecosystem .This review elaborated the mechanism of heavy metal passivation remediation ,and discussed the impacts of soil pH ,redox potential ,cation exchange capacity ,organic matter as well as plant species on passivation remediation .Furthermore ,the application ,potential risk and long‐term effectiveness of vital modifiers passivation agents , including lime , fly ash , compost and biochar , were also summarized in this review .Finally ,the prospect for relative future researches were proposed .%由于人类工业活动使得稳定存在于地壳中的重金属进入土壤环境，通过生物富集作用威胁人类健康。土壤重金属钝化修复的目的是降低重金属生物有效性和环境毒性，并改善土壤生态系统的功能。本文介绍了农田土壤重金属钝化修复的机理，阐述了土壤pH、氧化还原电位、阳离子交换当量、有机质、植物种类等关键因子在土壤重金属钝化修复过程中的影响。对目前较受重视的重金属钝化剂（石灰、粉煤灰、有机肥、生物炭）在修复过程中的应用、潜在风险和长效性进行讨论，并对今后的相关研究做出展望。