原油电脱盐脱水技术研究进展

摘要

原油脱盐脱水工艺的好坏直接影响常减压装置的运行及产品质量。文章对原油中含盐含水的原因及危害进行了分析，对原油电脱盐技术进行了综述，介绍了原油电脱盐脱水原理、主要技术、脱盐脱水效果及其影响因素等，最后对电脱盐脱水技术进行了展望，指出工艺及设备的改进和新型破乳剂的开发将是目前原油脱盐脱水技术发展的重要方向。%The quality of the desalting and dewatering process directly affects the quality of the crude oil distillation unit operation and prod-uct quality .In the paper ,the hazard and sources of crude oil with salt and aqueous are analyzed .The desalting and dewatering technology of crude oil is reviewed .The electric desalting and dewatering dehydration principle of crude oil ,the main technology ,and the influencing factors of the desalting and dewatering effect are discussed .Finally ,the prospects of the electric desalting technology are proposed .At pr-esent ,the improvement of the technology ,the equipment and the development of new demulsifiers are the leading directions .