纳米二氧化硅粒径对橡胶复合材料力学性能的影响

摘要

Nano-silica with different size was used to prepare the nano-silicaature rubber composites.The in-fluence of the structure of nano-silica (15,30 and 80 nm)with the different sizes on the basic properties of nano-silicaatural rubber(NR)composites such as mechanical properties,Mullins effect of the static proper-ties,Payne-effect of the dynamic properties,DMA,the dynamic heat generation and tanδ,were investigated in this work.The results show that when size of nano-silica increases in the nano-composite,tensile strength of the composite material becomes large and Mullins effect exhibited an upward trend.The particle size becomes larger,the Payne-effects and the tanδof the composite are decreased obviously,meanwhile,the dynamic com-pression temperature rise lower.Payne-effect and Scanning electron microscope (SEM)show that the large size nano-silica is easy to disperse in rubber,while the small size nano-silica of the composites has a good aggrega-tion.Dispersion of nanoparticles has a direct effect on the mechanical properties in nano-composite.%以不同粒径的纳米二氧化硅为填料加到天然橡胶中制备纳米二氧化硅/天然橡胶(NR)复合材料.研究了不同粒径纳米二氧化硅(15,30和80 nm)对复合材料的力学性能、应力软化效应、Payne 效应、动态热机械性能、压缩生热和损耗因子等基本特性的影响.结果表明,随着纳米二氧化硅粒径的增大,复合材料的抗拉强度变大,应力软化效应增大；同时,复合材料的Payne效应和损耗因子越低,其动态压缩温升越低.Payne 效应分析及扫描电镜观察还表明,大粒径纳米二氧化硅在橡胶基体中易于分散均匀,粒子间聚集程度更小,而小粒径的则表现出较明显的团聚现象,粒子在橡胶基体中的分散性对复合材料力学性能有直接影响.