无机阻燃改性沥青结构表征及阻燃机理研究

摘要

Considering the problem of heavy smoke,toxic,high cost of some flame retardants,two new inorgan-ic flame retardants were developed,and the fire-retardant modified asphalts were prepared;in order to study the internal structure and the flame-retardant mechanism of our new developed flame-retardant asphalt,the combi-nation between flame retardant particles and asphalt were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)test and the effect of the flame retardants on the functional groups was studied by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) test.The effect of inorganic fire-retardants on the nature of asphalt was analyzed by using TG experiment.The research results showed that the flame retardant effect of the modified asphalt was well;the inorganic fire-re-tardant modifiers can be evenly distributed in asphalt and there was no phenomenon of reunion.FT-IR test shows that there was no covalent generating when the two flame retardants are added into the asphalt.The ther-mal weightlessness of inorganic modified fire-retardant asphalt was greater than that of base asphalt.%针对目前某些阻燃剂发烟量大、有毒和成本较高问题，研发了两种新型无机阻燃剂，并制备了无机阻燃改性沥青；借助扫描电镜(SEM)实验和红外光谱(FT-IR)实验，探究了两种阻燃剂与沥青的结合状况以及二者对沥青官能团的影响；通过热重(TG)实验，分析了两种阻燃剂对沥青燃烧过程中热失重变化的影响，探究了两种阻燃改性沥青的作用机理。结果表明，两种新型无机阻燃沥青性能良好；无机阻燃剂颗粒可均匀地分布在沥青中，没有团聚现象，两种阻燃剂各颗粒与沥青具有良好的粘结性；两种新型阻燃剂加入到沥青中，未与沥青形成新的共价键；燃烧过程中无机阻燃改性沥青的热失重大于基础沥青，无机阻燃沥青主要凭借阻燃剂的结合水分挥发以及金属化合物烧结覆盖作用发挥阻燃作用。