基于羧酸型扩链剂超支化水性聚氨酯的合成和表征

摘要

With diethanolamine (DEA)and succinic anhydride as raw materials and methanol alcohol as solvent, a new carboxylic acid type of hydrophilic monomer DMCA was synthesized.The best conditions for synthetic hydrophilic monomer were:temperature 0 ℃,mole ratio 1∶1.2,time 80 min,solvent dosage was 300 mL/mol (DEA).Under the best conditions,the conversion rate had reached 86.18%.The structure and performance was charaterized by FT-IR,1 H NMR,XRD,TG and element analysis.Hyperbranched waterborne polyurethane DMCA-HWPU was synthesized by using DMCA as hydrophilic chain extender.Performance test results showed that:DMCA-HWPU system is non-crystalline,the emulsion is milky and blue light without precipitation,has high emulsion stability and good thermal stability.%以二乙醇胺(DEA)和丁二酸酐为原料,甲醇为溶剂,合成一种新型羧酸型亲水单体 N,N-二羟乙基-2-氨基丙酸(DMCA),优化得到 DMCA 的最佳条件为：冰水浴0℃,n (DEA)∶n (丁二酸酐)为1∶1．2,时间为80 min,甲醇用量为300 mL/mol(DEA),在最佳条件下 DMCA 的转化率为86．18％.采用红外(FT-IR)、核磁(1 H NMR)、X 射线衍射(XRD)、热重(TG)、元素分析等手段对 DMCA 进行结构和性能的表征.以 DMCA 作为亲水扩链剂制备超支化水性聚氨酯 DMCA-HWPU,其性能检测结果表明,DMCA-HWPU 为非结晶性体系,其乳液呈乳白色泛蓝光,无沉淀,乳液稳定性高,并且具有很好的热稳定性.