传统生色团的改造：从聚集导致荧光猝灭到聚集诱导发光∗

摘要

传统的荧光生色团聚集后导致荧光淬灭，即聚集导致荧光猝灭(ACQ)现象。ACQ 现象的存在严重限制了荧光生色团的应用。与 ACQ 相反，有一类发光材料在良溶剂中荧光微弱甚至没有荧光，然而，在聚集状态下荧光显著增强，这种现象被命名为聚集诱导发光(AIE)现象。AIE 材料的迅速发展为 ACQ 材料带来了契机，众多研究者利用 AIE 体系改造 ACQ生色团使传统 ACQ 材料具有新的性能和应用价值。介绍了近年来有关利用AIE体系改造 ACQ生色团的研究进展。侧重总结了利用噻咯体系、取代乙烯体系(主要包括四苯基乙烯、三苯基乙烯及三苯基乙烯基咔唑)和三苯基丙烯腈体系对三苯胺类、稠环类和并苯酰亚胺类ACQ生色团的改造，及得到的新材料的性能和应用，并对该领域的发展前景进行了展望。%Conventional chromophores tend to have their fluorescence quenched in aggregate states,which was the notorious aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ)effect.The ACQ effect seriously limited the practical appli-cations of conventional chromophores.In contrast to ACQ,a group of luminescent materials are weakly emis-sive or even non-emissive in solutions but highly emissive by aggregate formation.This phenomenon was termed“aggregation-induced emission”(AIE).The swiftly development of AIE materials provided a new strategy, which can elimination the ACQ effect by introducing AIE moieties to the ACQ chromophores.The converted ACQ chromophores may have new properties and can be used in new field.This review was aimed to summarize recent progress on the conversion of ACQ chromophores,such as the conversion of triphenylamine derivatives, fused cyclic compounds and rylene diimides derivatives by introducing siloles,substituted ethenes (including tetraphenylethylene,triphenylethylene and triphe-nylethylene carbazole)or triphenylacrylonitrile moieties to them.In addition,the properties and applications of the new materials are introduced briefly.The development trends of this field are also prospected.