液氦在轨补给技术现状分析

摘要

The ability to resupply scientific instruments in orbit with liquid helium would greatly enhance its performance and lifetime.And it is very important for some great scientific missions carried out in space.The method of resupplying liquid helium is analyzed aiming at the special characteristics of liquid helium at very low temperature.The principle of resupplying liquid helium on orbit using its special characteristics and the superfluid helium on-orbit transfer (SHOOT) operations are introduced in detail.This paper offer some valuable reference information for developing our technologies in resupply liquid helium on orbit.%为在轨科学仪器补充液氦,可有效提高航天器的能力和寿命,是某些大型空间科学探测任务顺利实施的重要保障.针对液氦的超低温特性,分析了液氦在轨补给方法,详细介绍了利用液氦超流体特性而实现其在轨补给的原理,以及超流体氦在轨转移技术的空间验证试验(superfluid helium on-orbit transfer,SHOOT),以期为我国发展液氦在轨补给技术提供有价值的参考.