School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University 100191 Beijing ChinaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering The University of Tokyo 113-8656 JapanSchool of Microelectronics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China;
School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University 100191 Beijing China;
School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University 100191 Beijing China;
School of Material Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology 100081 Beijing ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology 100083 Beijing China;
School of Microelectronics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China;
School of Microelectronics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China;
Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Tokyo 113-8656 Japan;
Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Tokyo 113-8656 Japan;
School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology 100083 Beijing China;
School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University 100191 Beijing China;
First-principles calculations; Lithium metal batteries; Nucleation mechanism;