铜同位素及其在矿床研究中的应用

摘要

随着多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(MC-ICP-MS)在同位素地球化学中的应用,铜同位素在矿床学领域的应用范围逐渐扩大.通过总结已发表的部分地质样品测试数据,大致归纳了各类地质体中铜同位素组成与分布特征,并简要概述了铜同位素可能的分馏机理及过程,其中包括还原过程、沉淀过程、吸附过程、淋滤过程及有机质的影响.重点论述了各类型矿床中铜同位素组成的差异性以及铜同位素在示踪成矿金属来源,推断流体运移与金属沉淀、成矿阶段、成岩成矿环境和在矿床勘探中的应用.%The application of copper isotope in mineral deposit is expanded with the use of MC-ICP-MS in the isotope geochemistry. The composition of copper isotope and distribution characteristic are synthesized on the base of summary of part of geological samples data published. In addition, the fractionation mechanism and process of copper isotope including reduction, deposition, absorption, eluviation and effect of organic matter are introduced. The differences of copper isotope composition of several mineral deposits and ore-forming metal sources are discussed especially. Meanwhile, copper isotope plays some roles in deduction of fluid migration and metal deposition , metallogenic stage, environment of magmatism and mineralization and utilization of mineral deposit exploration.