针对海洋溢油问题,利用静电纺丝一步法制备不同质量分数的聚砜(PSF)纤维膜,扫描电镜结果发现纤维表面存在细微孔洞.对纤维形貌和结构包括纤维直径、纤维间孔隙率、纤维表面孔径分布、接触角、吸油倍率、保油率和油水分离等进行测试和表征,结果表明,随着PSF/N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)溶液质量分数的增大(从12％增大到18％),纤维中的珠状物逐渐消失,平均直径增大,纤维间孔隙率增大,纤维表面的孔径主要分布在10～100 nm,水的接触角在131°～140°范围内,PSF纤维膜对菜籽油和机油的吸油倍率最高可达到37和50,对机油的保油率高达75％,同时具有良好的浮力与疏水亲油性.%To solve the problem of marine oil spill,electrospinning with one-step processing was used to prepare polysulfone (PSF) fiber membranes of different mass fraction.The PSF fiber membrane morphologies were characterized by the scanning electron microscope (SEM).It shows that there are pores on the fiber surface.The porosity of the fiber membrane,the intra-fiber pore size distribution,and the contact angle of as-prepared PSF fiber membranes were presented.Finally,oil sorption and retention of PSF fiber membranes were tested.The results show that when the PSF/N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solution mass concentration increases from 12％ to 18％,the beads presented in the fiber membrane gradually disappear,the average diameter of fibers increases and the porosity of the fiber membrane increases.The pore size ranges from 10 to 100 nm,and the water contact angle ranges from 131° to 140°.The sorption capacities of PSF membranes sorbent for vegetable oil and motor oil are 37 and 50,respectively,and the oil retention for motor oil is up to 75％.Meanwhile,PSF fiber membranes have good buoyancy and hydrophobic-oleophilic property.
展开▼
