Concerning the high the computational complexity and huge calculation of the three-dimensional Otsu, a fast three-dimensional Otsu image segmentation algorithm based on decomposition was presented in this paper. Firstly, the original three-dimensional Otsu algorithm was decomposed into three one-dimensional Otsu algorithms. Then, based on the one-dimensional Otsu algorithm, a new algorithm with a new threshold recognition function was proposed, which combined between-class distance with within-class distance, and the fast realization method was also presented. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm does not only get satisfactory segmentation result, but also improves the calculation speed, about 1400 times the recursive algorithm for the three-dimensional Otsu method.%针对三维Otsu图像分割算法计算复杂度高、运算量大的问题,提出一种基于分解的三维Otsu图像分割快速算法.首先将三维Otsu分解为三个一维Otsu；然后,在分析一维Otsu的基础上,结合类间距离和类内距离,提出一种新的阈值识别函数设计算法,并给出了快速实现方法.实验结果表明,该算法不仅可以取得较好的分割效果,而且计算量较小,比三维Otsu阈值分割递推算法快1400倍左右.
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