目的 分析急性呼吸道感染(ARI)患儿病原体检测结果及流行病学特点.方法 通过间接免疫荧光法(IFA)测定248例ARI患儿9项血清病原体,统计病原体检出率,并比较不同感染类型、患儿性别、年龄、季节等病原体检出情况.结果 共检出112例病原体,阳性率35.89%(89/248),其中肺炎支原体(MP)检出率最高,占20.97%,其次是乙型流感病毒(INFB),占15.32%;病原体单一感染65例,混合感染24例;女性患儿阳性检出率显著高于男性患儿(P<0.05);阳性检出率随患儿年龄增长而上升(P<0.05);急性支气管炎MP、INFB检出率均显著高于急性上呼吸道感染、肺炎患儿(P<0.05);不同季节发病阳性检出率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 ARI患儿病原体以MP、INFB比较常见,混合感染率较高,且ARI发病呈现季节性、年龄及性别差异特点.%Objective To analyze the pathogens and epidemiological characteristics of children with acute respiratory infection (ARI). Methods 9 serum pathogens in 248 children with ARI were determined by indirect im-munofluorescence assay(IFA). The detection rate of pathogens was statistically analyzed,and the detection of patho-gens was compared among children with different types of infection,different gender,different age and different sea-sons. Results A total of 112 cases of pathogens were detected,and the positive rate was 35.89% (89/248). The detection rate of Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP) was the highest(20.97%),followed by influenza B virus(INFB) (15.32%). Single pathogen infection was found in 65 cases and mixed infection was found in 24 cases. The positive detection rate in female was significantly higher than that in male (P<0.05), and the positive rate increased with the increase of age (P<0.05). The detection rates of MP and INFB were significantly higher in children with acute bronchitis than children with acute upper respiratory tract infection or with pneumonia (P<0.05). The positive de-tection rate of pathogens showed significant differences in different seasons (P<0.05). Conclusion The common pathogens of ARI in children are MP and INFB, and the mixed infection rate is high. The incidence of ARI shows seasonal,age and gender differences.
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